Sunday, August 9, 2015

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News


NASA simulation indicates ancient flood volcanoes could have altered climate

Posted: 07 Aug 2015 07:07 PM PDT

Flood-basalt eruptions were enormous but not as explosive as eruptions like Pinatubo, which in 1991 propelled gases high into the stratosphere, causing a global cooling event. New simulations reveal flood-basalt eruptions also could have launched their gases high enough to alter climate.

Land animals proliferate faster than aquatic counterparts

Posted: 07 Aug 2015 07:07 PM PDT

New analyses of vertebrate groups performed by an evolutionary biologist suggest that land animals proliferate more rapidly than their aquatic counterparts. The findings may help explain biodiversity patterns throughout the animal kingdom.

Mutations linked to genetic disorders shed light on a crucial DNA repair pathway

Posted: 07 Aug 2015 07:07 PM PDT

Researchers have identified two new genes in which mutations can interfere with a cell's ability to remove misplaced links between DNA strands, and, as a result, cause a rare genetic disorder known as Fanconi anemia. These discoveries offer new insight on a repair process critical to maintaining certain tissues and preventing cancer.

Corrected sunspot history suggests climate change not due to natural solar trends

Posted: 07 Aug 2015 07:07 PM PDT

The Sunspot Number is a crucial tool used to study the solar dynamo, space weather and climate change. It has now been recalibrated and shows a consistent history of solar activity over the past few centuries. The new record has no significant long-term upward trend in solar activity since 1700, as was previously indicated. This suggests that rising global temperatures since the industrial revolution cannot be attributed to increased solar activity.

Researchers collaborate in development of brain-friendly interfaces

Posted: 07 Aug 2015 07:07 PM PDT

Recent research could eventually change the way people living with prosthetics and spinal cord injury lead their lives. Instead of using neural prosthetic devices -- which suffer from immune-system rejection and are believed to fail due to a material and mechanical mismatch -- a multi-institutional team has developed a brain-friendly extracellular matrix environment of neuronal cells that contain very little foreign material.

Pediatric brain tumors can be classified noninvasively at diagnosis

Posted: 07 Aug 2015 11:43 AM PDT

Medulloblastoma, the most commonly occurring malignant brain tumor in children, can be classified into four subgroups -- each with a different risk profile requiring subgroup-specific therapy. Investigators have now discovered that these subgroups can be determined non-invasively, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy.