Tuesday, February 2, 2016

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प्राण वाचवणारे प्राथमिक उपचार

प्राथमिक उपचाराची गरज कधीही, केव्हाही आणि कुठेही निर्माण होऊ शकते. कारण कधी कधी डॉक्टरांकडे पोहोचणं कठीण असतं. अशा वेळी आपल्याला माहीत असलेले प्राथमिक उपचारच कामी येतात. जे प्राण वाचवण्यासाठी महत्त्वाची भूमिका बजावता. अशा या प्राण वाचवणा-या प्राथमिक उपचारांविषयी जाणून घेऊ या.

अचानक, कधी कोणावर कशी वेळ येईल हे काही आपल्याला सांगता येत नाही. म्हणजे आपण सहज बाहेर फिरायला म्हणून घराबाहेर पडतो. आणि पटकन आपल्यासोबत असलेल्या कोणाला तरी चक्कर येते किंवा कोणाला अचानक घाम फुटतो. किंवा कुठेतरी आगही लागू शकते. अगदीच कोणाचा पायही मुरगळून फ्रॅक्चर होऊ शकतं. अशा वेळी पटकन डॉक्टरांकडे जाणं शक्य नसतं.

यालाच मेडिकल इमरजन्सी असं म्हणतात. म्हणजे त्या वेळी आपल्यासोबत असलेल्या व्यक्तीला तत्काळ उपचार मिळणं आवश्यक असतं. ही मेडिकल इमरजन्सी येते तेव्हा आपल्या कामी आपली बुद्धीच येते. जेणेकरून आपल्याला माहिती असलेल्या औषधांमुळे प्राथमिक उपचार घेणं आवश्यक असतं. कारण तो एक क्षण त्या व्यक्तीला उपचार देण्यासाठी अतिशय फायदेशीर असतो. म्हणूनच त्या वेळी नेमकं काय केलं पाहिजे म्हणजे त्या व्यक्तीला किंवा रुग्णाला डॉक्टरांकडे जाईपर्यंत त्वरित उपचार मिळतील, हे जाणून घेऊ या.

 हार्ट अ‍ॅटॅक

आजकाल हार्ट अ‍ॅटॅकचं जसं वय उरलेलं नाही तसंच वेळही उरलेली नाही. कधीही कोणत्याही वेळेला आणि कोणालाही हार्ट अ‍ॅटॅक येऊ शकतो.

लक्षणं

» छातीत दुखणं आणि श्वास घेण्यात अडथळा निर्माण होतो.

» खांदा, मान, हात, आणि पाठीकडे दुखणं सरकतं.

» मळमळ होणे.

» विनाकारण घाम येणे.

» थकवा किंवा चक्कर येणे.

प्राथमिक उपचार

» तीनशे मिलिग्रॅम पाण्यात अ‍ॅस्प्रिनची गोळी विरघळून ते पाणी त्वरित रुग्णाला प्यायला द्यावं.

» रुग्णाला जमिनीवर झोपवावं.

» त्या व्यक्तीचा श्वासोच्छ्श्वास सुरळीत होतोय की नाही याची प्रथम तपासणी करून घ्यावी. नसेल तर त्याला कृत्रिम श्वासोच्छ्श्वास देण्याचा प्रयत्न करावा.

» त्यानंतर अ‍ॅम्बुलन्सला फोन करा अथवा जवळच्या एखाद्या डॉक्टरकडे धाव घ्या.

 श्वान दंश

कधी कधी रस्त्यावरून चालताना कुत्रा चावतो तर कधी रात्रीच्या वेळी पायावरून घूस किंवा उंदीर जाताना चावण्याची शक्यता असते. अशा वेळी काय करावं ?

प्राथमिक उपचार

» ज्या ठिकाणी प्राणी चावला असेल त्या ठिकाणी स्वच्छ पाणी आणि साबण लावून पाच मिनिटं स्वच्छ धुऊन काढा. म्हणजे चावलेल्या प्राण्याचं विष आत जाण्यापासून थांबू शकेल.

» जखमेतून रक्त येत असेल तर त्या रक्ताला थांबवण्याचा प्रयत्न करावा.

» जखमेवर सूज आली असल्यास त्यावर किमान दहा मिनिटं तरी बर्फ लावावा.

» जखम झालेल्या ठिकाणी ताबडतोब पट्टी लावून जखम बांधून टाकावी.

ब्रेन स्ट्रोक

सेरेब्रोवेस्कुलर अ‍ॅक्सिडंटमध्ये मेंदूपर्यंत ऑक्सिजनयुक्त रक्त पोहोचवणा-या नलिका कमजोर होतात. यामुळे मेंदूला रक्तपुरवठा होत नाही. परिणामी ब्रेन स्ट्रोकचा सामना करावा लागतो.

लक्षण

» थकवा येणे, चेहरा, हात, पाय आणि शरीराच्या कोणत्याही भागातलं सेन्सेशन कमी होतं.

» डोळ्यांसमोर अंधारी येते, विशेषत: एका डोळ्यानेच दिसत नाही. बुब्बुळं पसरतात.

» जबरदस्त डोकेदुखी सहन करावी लागते. आणि बोलण्यात अडथळे निर्माण होतात.

प्राथमिक उपचार

» डोक्याखाली उशी ठेवून रुग्णाला झोपवावं. म्हणजे मेंदूचा रक्ताचा दबाव कमी होईल.

» जर तो श्वास घेत असेल आणि त्या रुग्णाला काहीही समजत नसेल तर त्याला डाव्या कुशीवर करावं. म्हणजे त्याला ताजी हवा मिळेल आणि त्याला उलटी होईल.

»त्याला कोणत्याही प्रकारचं पेय किंवा खाद्यपदार्थ देऊ नये.

» त्या रुग्णाला स्थिर ठेवण्याचा प्रयत्न करा म्हणजे त्याला अजिबात हलू देऊ नये.

आगीपासून बचाव

घरात कित्येकदा काम करताना किंवा तेल तसंच अन्य कोणते पदार्थ उडाल्याने आपला हात भाजू शकतो. किंवा समजा कुठे अचानक लागलेल्या आगीतून बाहेर पडायला थोडा वेळ लागतो. त्यात कधी कधी होरपळण्याची शक्यता असते. अशा वेळी काय करावं, पटकन कोणते उपचार करावेत.
प्राथमिक उपचार

» जखमेला पाच मिनिटं स्वच्छ पाण्याने धुवावं. त्यावर तेल लावू नये.

» बरनॉल किंवा थंड वाटेल असं अन्य कोणतंही क्रीम लावणं आवश्यक आहे. किंवा तुमच्या जवळ जे काही लोशन असेल त्याचा वापर करावा.

» मान किंवा चेह-याच्या जवळची त्वचा जळल्यामुळे रक्ताभिसरण कमी होतं. तसंच श्वास घ्यायला समस्या निर्माण होते.

» होरपळलेल्या रुग्णाला सुती कपडे घालावेत. या रुग्णाला घाम आल्यास किंवा चक्कर किंवा ताप आल्यास किंवा त्याचं अंग थंड पडल्यास ताबडतोब वैद्यकीय मदत घ्यावी.जेणेकरून रुग्णाचे प्राण वाचवण्यात यश येईल.

 फ्रॅक्चर

अचानक पडल्यामुळे किंवा पाय घसरल्याने काहीही कळायच्या अगोदर हात-पाय किंवा शरीराच्या कोणत्याही भागात असहनीय दुखायला लागतं किंवा सूज येते. यालाच फ्रॅक्चर असं म्हणतात. ज्या भागाला दुखापत झाली आहे तो भाग अजिबात हलू शकत नाही. कधी कधी तर चालणंदेखील मुश्कील होऊन जातं.

प्राथमिक उपचार

फ्रॅक्रच्या बाबतीत तीन गोष्टी लक्षात ठेवणं आवश्यक असतं. त्याला वैद्यकीय भाषेत एबीसी असं म्हणतात. ए म्हणजे एअर म्हणजे त्या रुग्णाला श्वास घ्यायला त्रास होतो. दोन बी-ब्लिडिंग; यात शरीराच्या कोणत्याही भागातून रक्त येण्याची शक्यता असते. तीन सी- सक्र्युलेशन म्हणजे रक्तपुरवठा सुरळीत होतोय की नाही ते. या तीन गोष्टींकडे प्रथम लक्ष द्यावं लागतं.

» अशा कोणत्याही प्रकारात जखमी झालेल्या व्यक्तीची नाडी तपासली जाते. हात किंवा पाय या ठिकाणी ठोके पडत नसतील तर त्या व्यक्तीला ताबडतोब शस्त्रक्रियेसारख्या उपचाराची आवश्यकता आहे हे समजावं.

» ज्या ठिकाणी लागलं आहे त्याचा आजूबाजूचा भाग हाताने दाबून बघावा. रुग्णाला दाबल्यावर काहीही समजत नसेल तर ही नव्‍‌र्हस सिस्टीम किंवा स्पायनलला अर्थात मणक्याच्या हाडाला इजा झाली असं समजावं.

» ताबडतोब वैद्यकीय मदत कशी मिळेल याकडे लक्ष द्यावं. तोपर्यंत ज्या ठिकाणी लागलं आहे त्या ठिकाणी कोणत्याही स्वरूपाचा आधार न देता तो भाग हलवू नये. तसंच वैद्यकीय मदत मिळेपर्यंत त्या व्यक्तीला कोणत्याही प्रकारचं पेय किंवा खाद्यपदार्थ देणंही टाळावं.

» फ्रॅक्चर झालेल्या ठिकाणी कापडाची पट्टी बांधावी किंवा आजूबाजूला लाकडी पट्टी लावून हालचाल थांबवावी.

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अर्ध मत्स्येन्द्रनासन

हटयोगाच्या साधकांनी ज्यांना हे आसन सर्वप्रथम शिकवले त्या गुरूच्या नावावरूनच म्हणजेच मत्स्येन्द्रनाथाच्या नावावरून या आसनास 'मत्स्येन्द्रनासन' असं नाव पडलं. हे मत्स्येन्द्रनाथ भगवान शंकराचे शिष्य होते, असं समजलं जातं.

आसन 

योगा मॅटवर पाय सोडून बसावं. पाठ आणि मान सरळ आणि ताठ असावी. आता उजवा पाय गुडघ्यात वाकवून डाव्या पायाच्या गुडघ्याजवळ ठेवावा. डावा पाय वाकवावा. डाव्या पायाची टाच नितंबांना स्पर्श करावी. शरीराचा वरील भाग उजव्या वाजूला वळवावा. त्याचबरोबर डावा हाताने उजव्या पायाचा अंगठा पकडावा. (चित्रात दाखवल्याप्रमाणे.) डावा हात हा उजव्या पायाला एकाच सरळ रेषेत असावा. शरीराचा वरील भाग जेवढा वळवता येईल तेवढा वळवावा. उजवा हात हा मागे असावा. त्याचबरोबर मागे बघावं. या आसनात पाठही ताठ असावी. हेच आसन दुस-या पद्धतीनेसुद्धा करतात. वरील आसनात आपण एक हात मागे ठेवतो तर दुस-या आसनात तोच हात आपण मागून वळवून मांडीवर ठेवतो. म्हणजे उजवा हात पाठीमागून वळवून डाव्या नितंबावर ठेवावा. सर्वप्रथम सुरुवातीला सांगितलेल्या आसनाचा सराव करावा. मगच दुस-या पद्धतीचं आसन करावं.

श्वास

० पाय वाकवताना श्वास घ्यावा.
० शरीराचा वरील भाग वळवताना श्वास सोडावा.
० फायनल पोझिशनमध्ये श्वास हा दीर्घ पण हळुवारपणे घ्यावा.
० सुरुवातीच्या स्थितीमध्ये येताना श्वास घ्यावा.

वेळ

सुरुवातीला एकदाच करावं. दोन्ही बाजूंनी सुरुवातीस दहा आकडे म्हणावे. मग हळूहळू आकडे वाढवावेत.

आसन करताना घ्यायची काळजी

या आसनात आपण शरीराचा वरील भाग मागे वळवतो. त्याचबरोबर डावा हात हा उजव्या पायालगत आणून उजव्या पायाचा अंगठा पकडतो. त्या दरम्यान शरीराच्या वरील भागाला खूपच स्ट्रेच येतो. सुरुवातीला तुम्ही पायाचा अंगठा पकडू नाही शकला तरी चालेल. कारण जमत नसेल तर पायाचा घोटा पकडावा. जितकी मान वळवता येईल तितकीच वळवावी. मानेला ताण येता कामा नये. आसन सोडताना घाई करू नये. प्रत्येक पायरीनुसारच आसन सोडावं. मानेला पूर्वस्थितीत आणावे. पायालगतचा हात मोकळा करावा. दुमडलेला पाय पूर्वस्थितीत आणावा. तसंच मागे आधाराला ठेवलेला हात पूर्वस्थितीत आणावा. थोडा वेळ विश्रांती घेऊन हेच आसन दुस-या बाजूने करावं.

विशेष नोंद

हे आसन गरोदर स्त्रियांनी करू नये किंवा या आसनाचा प्रयत्नसुद्धा करू नये. ज्या व्यक्तींना पेप्टिक अल्सर, हर्निया किंवा हायपरथायरॉडिझम असेल अशा व्यक्तींनी हे आसन करू नये.

फायदे

० ज्या व्यक्तींना मधुमेह आहे अशा व्यक्तींसाठी हे आसन खूपच उपयुक्त आहे.
० या आसनामुळे पाठीचा कणा लवचिक बनतो. आणि पोटातील स्नायूंना आणि अवयवांना व्यायाम किंवा ताण मिळतो.
० यामुळे पोटावरील चरबी कमी होण्यास मदत होते.
० या आसनामुळे पाचकशक्ती सुधारण्यास मदत होते.
० किडनीसाठी हे आसन खूप फायदेशीर आहे. तसंच अ‍ॅडर्नल ग्लँड, लिव्हर आणि स्वादुपिंडाच्या आरोग्यासाठीही अतिशय उपयुक्त आहे.

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बटाटा

बाराही महिने मिळणारी ही भाजी सगळ्यांच्याच परिचयाची आणि आवडीची आहे. हे कंदमूळ आहे, लहान मुलांपासून मोठय़ांपर्यंत सगळ्यांच्याच आवडीची ही भाजी आहे.

ही अशी भाजी आहे, जी संपूर्ण जगभरात मिळते. उकडून, तळून किंवा भाजून अशा कोणत्याही प्रकारे ही भाजी खाल्ली जाते. बाराही महिने मिळणारी ही भाजी सगळ्यांच्याच परिचयाची आणि आवडीची आहे. हे कंदमूळ आहे, लहान मुलांपासून मोठय़ांपर्यंत सगळ्यांच्याच आवडीची ही भाजी आहे. यात जीवनसत्त्व बी ६, पोटॅशिअम, जीवनसत्त्व सी, मँगनीज, फॉस्फरस, डाएटरी फायबरचा साठा असतो.

० रक्तदाबावर नियंत्रण ठेवण्यास अतिशय उपयुक्त ठरते.

० यात असलेल्या जीवनसत्त्व बी मुळे शरीरातील पेशींचं आरोग्य सुधारतं. एन्झाईमसारख्या कोणत्याही विकरापासून बचाव करण्याचं काम ही भाजी करते.

० मेंदूच्या पेशी तसंच नव्‍‌र्हस सिस्टीम सुरळीत करण्याचं काम ही भाजी करते.

० हृदयाचं आरोग्य सुधारतं.

० अ‍ॅथलेटिक खेळणा-यांनी या भाजीचं आवर्जून सेवन करावं. कारण स्नायूची मजबुती राखण्याचं काम करते.

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Galatians: Free from Bondage God’s Way | Week 3

Galatians: Free from Bondage God’s Way | Week 3


Galatians: Free from Bondage God’s Way | Week 3

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:30 PM PST

Week 3 Blog post photo

Welcome back to our online Inductive Bible Study on the book of Galatians, “Free from Bondage God’s Way” by Kay Arthur.   We just completed Week Three, “Where’s Freedom from Your Flesh?” Can you believe it?  We are already half through our study.  We have had some awesome discussions in our small group time.  Can it get any better?  God wants you to know His Holy Word, so hangeth thou in there and keep studying.

In our study this week, Paul doesn’t mince words.  He calls the Galatians, “foolish” (verse 1) and “are you so foolish?” (verse 3).  Why are they foolish?  They started out in their Christian walk in the Spirit, but somehow they got off track and tried to be perfect in their own human effort.  They were gullible and listened to false doctrine which claimed they can get to heaven by doing good works.  Paul had taught the Galatians that faith in Christ was the only way to salvation.  But they just didn’t get it.

Can you relate?  Sometimes simplicity just seems too scary, because nothing in our lives and our world is simple today.  We live in a very complicated society and have grown up with rules and regulations, do’s and don’ts.  So our thinking has also become distorted, and we begin to feel that we have to be good and do good works, to obey all rules and laws in order to get into Heaven.  None of us can obey all rules and regulations perfectly.  That is an impossible task.   You see, although we have to have standards and rules to live by, it is impossible to follow all rules and laws perfectly. God gave us the Ten Commandments to live by for our protection, but how many of us have obeyed all Ten Commandments perfectly?  It’s impossible. This is proof that we need Jesus Christ as our Savior.  He came to free us from the law.  The law cannot save us, but what it can do is point us to the Savior.  Christ is the only way to freedom and to salvation!

“Therefore, the Law has become our tutor to lead us to Christ, so that we may be justified by faith. But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a tutor.” Galatians 3:24-25

Kay Arthur writes in the “Thought for the Week”…

“Keeping your set of “laws” can’t change you and give you an inner sense of being right with God, can it, my friend?  No matter how hard you try, no matter how much you go through your form of worship (whatever it is), no matter how much you try to obey the laws of your religion or try only to do good deeds instead of bad ones, there is no peace inside nor victory over your own flesh…”

When we became believers in Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior, we are under a new covenant.  We are no longer in bondage to the law. We have been set free!  I am so thankful for this simple truth, aren’t you?

ASSIGNMENT FOR THE WEEK:

  • Join a small group and fellowship with your fellow Bible students. https://www.facebook.com/groups/WBCInductiveStudies/
  • Complete your study of Week Four, “You’re an Heir of Grace…Live Like It!”
  • Pray before you begin your study.  Ask your resident Teacher, the Holy Spirit, to open your heart to wisdom and understanding to learn His truths.
  • Do an online word study on “law” (Galatians 3:10) at www.blueletterbible.org. Record your findings on the Word Study Form located in “Files” in the Inductive Studies chat room.
  • Store in your heart Galatians 3:23-24 (Week Three, Day Seven).

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS FOR THIS WEEK (answer in small groups or post a comment here)

  1. What did you learn from marking the words justified and justify in Galatians 2 and 3? According to God’s Word, how is a person justified (made righteous) before God?
  2. According to James 2:10, if you live under the law, what is your obligation to the law?
  3. What problem were the Galatians having in relation to the law? When you come to Christ, what is your relationship to the law?
  4. What are some ways people seek right standing with God other than the way of grace through faith? Why are these ways tempting?

Blessings,

Sheree Poole

Some will lie on you. Some will misjudge you. Some will try to assassinate your character. No matter their intentions, you can’t let them change who you are. Keep living and loving. ~ Tony Gaskins

Some will lie on you. Some will misjudge you. Some will try to assassinate your character. No matter their intentions, you can’t let them change who you are. Keep living and loving. ~ Tony Gaskins


Some will lie on you. Some will misjudge you. Some will try to assassinate your character. No matter their intentions, you can’t let them change who you are. Keep living and loving. ~ Tony Gaskins

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:36 PM PST

Some will lie on you. Some will misjudge you. Some will try to assassinate your character. No matter their intentions, you can't let them change who you are. Keep living and loving. ~ Tony Gaskins

Some will lie on you. Some will misjudge you. Some will try to assassinate your character. No matter their intentions, you can’t let them change who you are. Keep living and loving. ~ Tony Gaskins

The post Some will lie on you. Some will misjudge you. Some will try to assassinate your character. No matter their intentions, you can’t let them change who you are. Keep living and loving. ~ Tony Gaskins appeared first on .

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

ScienceDaily: Latest Science News


Shark with lowest-known metabolism is a sluggish success

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:03 PM PST

Laziness can help you succeed… if you're a nurse shark. A new research paper reveals that nurse sharks have the lowest metabolic rate measured in any shark — new evidence of the sluggish lifestyle that has helped the species survive for millennia.

The sound of endangered salmon surviving

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:22 AM PST

With California in the fourth year of a historic drought, there is much controversy over how to supply cities, farms, and ecosystems with the water they need. Technology may help solve the puzzle.

How the media influence perceptions of obesity

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

New work on how news media coverage shapes perceptions of obesity, has been published by investigators. They examined how perspectives on obesity portrayed in news articles affect people's support for different obesity-related public policies and their prejudice towards fat men and women.

Researchers report on new tool to provide even better Landsat images

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

A team of investigators describes a new imaging spectrometer design that could enable improved images from NASA's Landsat, for better understanding of phenomena, and environments as diverse as coral reefs, urbanization, tropical deforestation, and glaciers.

Teens are more caring when they feel support from others

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

Caring for others dips during adolescence. But when young people feel supported from their social circles, their concern for others rebound, a new study concludes.

New tool for gauging public opinion reveals skepticism of climate engineering

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

Members of the public find the risks of climate engineering technology more likely than any of the benefits, according to an article. Such research is crucial because even if the goal of reducing global temperatures by two degrees Celsius is achieved, it will not halt the impacts of global climate change, including sea-level rise, shifts in rainfall, and extreme weather events. Given this context, a growing number of scientists are advocating for climate engineering technologies, also referred to as "geoengineering."

Can animals thrive without oxygen?

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

In 2010, a research team garnered attention when it published evidence of finding the first animals living in permanently anoxic conditions at the bottom of the sea. But a new study raises doubts.

New method can assess quality of centers performing colonoscopies

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

Colonoscopies are now a routine preventive diagnostic test for millions each year. While rates are low, complications like perforation, bleeding, and anesthesia-related heart failure can occur. Researchers have now developed a quality measure that uses follow-up hospital visits to track the variation in colonoscopy quality among outpatient facilities.

New model could solve inventory problem for retailers

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:19 AM PST

Inventory management has been the focus of three researchers for more than 10 years, Their latest study developed a new mathematical model to apply to inventory problems.

For older adults, serious depression symptoms increase risk for stroke and heart disease

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:17 AM PST

Adults 65-years-old and older who had high levels of depressive symptoms had a greater risk for experiencing heart disease or stroke events over the 10 years of a study, scientists report. As a result, the researchers concluded that depression could be a risk factor for heart disease or stroke.

Increase in volcanic eruptions at the end of the ice age caused by melting ice caps and erosion

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:17 AM PST

Researchers have found that glacial erosion and melting ice caps both played a key role in driving the observed global increase in volcanic activity at the end of the last ice age.

Infectious diseases cause significant emergency visits, hospitalizations for older adults

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 11:17 AM PST

In a first-of-its-kind study, researchers calculated that infectious diseases account for 13.5 percent of emergency room (ER) visits involving older adults -- a higher percentage than ER visits for heart attacks and congestive heart failure combined. Infectious diseases are those that can be passed from person-to-person and caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites.

Uncovering the financial ties of advocates for cancer drug approval

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:09 AM PST

Speakers who nominally represent cancer patients at advisory meetings on new drugs often have financial ties with the company seeking marketing approval. And those ties aren't always disclosed, according to an analysis.

Most vaccine-related posts on Pinterest are anti-vaccine, reveals research

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:09 AM PST

75 percent of the vaccine-related posts on Pinterest are negative towards vaccination, according to new research.

Targeting upper motor neurons to treat ALS

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:09 AM PST

Scientists have demonstrated for the first time that it is possible to specifically modify gene expression in diseased upper motor neurons, brain cells that break down in ALS. The study provides evidence that lays a foundation for developing future gene replacement therapies to treat patients with the fatal neuromuscular disorder.

Dominant ant species significantly influence ecosystems

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:09 AM PST

Researchers investigated the role of different ant species in various ecosystem processes in tropical rain forests. They discovered that the dominant role is often played by only a few or even a single ant species when it comes to consuming food resources, something that can make an ecosystem vulnerable.

Insulin-like growth factor linked to hippocampal hyperactivity in Alzheimer's disease

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:08 AM PST

The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R), the 'master' lifespan regulator, plays a vital role in directly regulating hippocampal hyperactivity in the brain, report scientists. The researchers hope their findings can be used to indicate a new direction for therapy used to treat patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease.

Study suggests different written languages are equally efficient at conveying meaning

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 10:08 AM PST

A study has found there is no difference in the time it takes people from different countries to read and process different languages.

Land plant became key marine species

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

The genome of eelgrass (Zostera marina) has now been unveiled. It turns out that the plant, once land-living but now only found in the marine environment, has lost the genes required to survive out of the water.

Imagining positive outcomes may bring pleasure now but pain later

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

Positive fantasies about how future events will turn out can boost your mood in the here and now, but they may actually lead to increased depressive symptoms in the long run, according to new research.

Senior citizens may accept robot helpers, but fear robot masters

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

Senior citizens would likely accept robots as helpers and entertainment providers, but are leery of giving up too much control to the machines, according to researchers.

Heart attack: Gender matters in predicting outcomes

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

Sex (biological and physiological characteristics) differences are increasingly being studied to assess symptoms, risk factors and outcomes for various diseases. Now, a new pan-Canadian study suggests that gender rather than sex is associated with the risk of recurrence of cardiovascular events in adults. Gender, the researchers explain, refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people.

Study links irregular sleep schedules to adverse metabolic health in women

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

Frequent shifts in sleep timing may be related to adverse metabolic health among non-shift working, midlife women, new research shows. Results show that greater variability in bedtime and greater bedtime delay were associated with higher insulin resistance, and greater bedtime advance was associated with higher body mass index (BMI).

Piecing together the cells elevator-like mechanism for sodium

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

Researchers have pieced together how sodium is transported into and out of our cells. This could be a potential benefit for the development of novel treatments against some forms of cancer and hypertension.

New MRI technique offers faster diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:55 AM PST

A new way of using MRI scanners to look for evidence of multiple sclerosis in the brain has been successfully tested by researchers. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is notoriously difficult to diagnose as it has many symptoms but not all sufferers experience all of them and the disease can progress at different rates. MRI scans have been used as a diagnostic tool to detect white matter lesions in the brain but these are not always an indicator of the disease.

Two thirds of cattle attacks on people involve dogs, new study finds

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:47 AM PST

Dog owners are being urged to remember to be vigilant with their pets when walking near cows in the countryside, following a new review into cattle attacks. This project reviewed details of negative interactions between the public and cattle, to identify risk factors for cattle attacks, and highlight the availability and usefulness of guidance on walking among livestock.

Delivering genes across the blood-brain barrier

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:47 AM PST

Biologists have modified a harmless virus in such a way that it can successfully enter the adult mouse brain through the bloodstream and deliver genes to cells of the nervous system. The virus could help researchers map the intricacies of the brain and holds promise for the delivery of novel therapeutics to address diseases such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's.

Curing disease by repairing faulty genes

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:47 AM PST

The genome-editing technique known as CRISPR allows scientists to clip a specific DNA sequence and replace it with a new one, offering the potential to cure diseases caused by defective genes. For this potential to be realized, however, scientists must find a way to safely deliver the CRISPR machinery and a corrected copy of the DNA into the diseased cells. A new study shows that this delivery method boosts efficiency of the CRISPR genome-editing system, researchers have found.

Abnormal gene is a triple threat in driving pediatric brain tumors

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:47 AM PST

An abnormal fused gene that drives pediatric brain tumors poses a triple threat, operating simultaneously through three distinct biological mechanisms -- the first such example in cancer biology. This finding potentially offers triple benefits as well -- more accurate diagnoses, clues for more effective treatments and new insights into molecular processes underlying other types of cancer.

New technique to find copper deposits

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:30 AM PST

A new and relatively inexpensive way to establish whether certain types of magmatic rocks are more likely to contain valuable metal deposits has been developed by a team of scientists.

World is embracing clean energy, says expert

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:30 AM PST

An expert argues that investment in renewable electricity now outstrips that in fossil fuels, and that increasing numbers of policies to improve the efficiency of energy use and to make energy systems more flexible are pointing to a global momentum in the adoption of sustainable energy systems.

Greater weight loss during aging associated with increased risk for mild cognitive impairment

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:30 AM PST

Increasing weight loss per decade as people age from midlife to late life was associated with an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), according to a new article.

Viral gene editing system corrects genetic liver disease in newborn mice

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:28 AM PST

For the first time, researchers have treated an animal model of a genetic disorder using a viral vector to deliver genome-editing components in which the disease- causing mutation has been corrected. Delivery of the vector to newborn mice improved their survival while treatment of adult animals, unexpectedly, made them worse.

No link found between subcortical brain volumes, genetic risk for schizophrenia

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:28 AM PST

A new study evaluated the relationship between common genetic variants implicated in schizophrenia and those associated with subcortical brain volumes, and found no evidence of genetic overlap between schizophrenia risk and subcortical volume measures.

Genetic cause identified in rare pediatric brain tumor

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:28 AM PST

Researchers found a way of differentiating angiocentric gliomas from other low-grade pediatric brain tumors and developed a pathological test that will help children avoid unnecessary and potentially damaging additional therapies.

Blood pressure medicine improves conversational skills of individuals with autism

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:28 AM PST

An estimated one in 68 children in the United States has autism. The neurodevelopmental disorder, which impairs communication and social interaction skills, can be treated with medications and behavioral therapies, though there is no cure. Now, researchers have found that a medication commonly used to treat high blood pressure and irregular heartbeats may have the potential to improve some social functions of individuals with autism.

Study documents drought's impact on redwood forest ferns

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 09:28 AM PST

The native ferns that form a lush green understory in coastal redwood forests are well adapted to dry summers and periodic droughts, but California's current prolonged drought has taken a toll on them. A comprehensive study of water relations in native ferns, conducted during one of the worst droughts in California's recent history, shows that extreme conditions have tested the limits of drought tolerance in these plants.

How does your garden grow? Traditional planting of fruit trees promotes animal diversity in the Malaysian rainforest

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:41 AM PST

Traditional fruit gardens planted by indigenous communities in the Malaysian rainforest increase the diversity of the animals who make it their home, research has found.

High-tech river studies reveal benefits of habitat restoration for fish

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:40 AM PST

An emerging research method to gauge the benefits of stream restoration for salmon and other native fish is revealing improvements in fish numbers, survival and reproduction in key rivers across the Pacific Northwest, according to a new research paper describing the approach, known as intensively monitored watersheds.

Study strengthens evidence linking autism to maternal obesity-diabetes

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:40 AM PST

Scientists show they can use electronic medical records and birth information to verify and strengthen an already suspected link between autistic children and pregnant mothers with obesity and diabetes.

Major storm events play key role in biogeochemistry of watersheds

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:39 AM PST

Heavy weather events cause an inordinate amount of organic material to bypass headwater systems, say researchers, pushing them downstream into larger rivers and coastal waters and inland basins -- with profound implications for water quality through the watershed.

Switching light with a silver atom

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:39 AM PST

Researchers have created the world's smallest integrated optical switch. Applying a small voltage causes an atom to relocate, turning the switch on or off.

Basic science disappearing from medical journals

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:39 AM PST

A new study has found a steep decline in the number of scholarly papers about basic science published in leading medical journals in the last 20 years.

Better catalysts for heavy oil extraction

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:39 AM PST

Newly catalysts speed up heavy oil extraction under the conditions of in-situ combustion.

Exact formula now available for measuring scientific success

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:39 AM PST

Scientometrics research is the science of evaluating scientific performance. Physics methods designed to predict growth based on a scale-free network have rarely been applied to this field. Now, scientists have developed an analytical method using a previously developed agent-based model to predict the h-index, probably the most popular citation-based scientific measurement, using bibliometric data.

Competition between mothers starts in the womb, new study suggests

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:39 AM PST

Female mammals, including humans, may try to outcompete one another by producing bigger babies, ground-breaking research has suggested. A 13-year-long study, the first of its kind to use ultrasound, found that female mongooses respond to reproductive competition by producing bigger pups.

Lung health study helps determine to prevalance of lung disease in adults in Malawi

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:35 AM PST

A lung health study has helped to determine the prevalence of lung disease among adults in Malawi. The work highlights the extent to which people living in Malawi are exposed to smoke from household burning of biomass (crop residues, wood, charcoal) for their day-to-day cooking needs. Around the world four million people die every year as a result of inhalation of this smoke which increases the risk of heart and lung diseases.

Physical parameters matter in terms of cancer cells' metastatic ability

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:35 AM PST

The micro-environment surrounding cancer cells is just as important as genes in regulating tumor progression. Scientists have therefore examined the biophysical and biochemical cues occurring in the vicinity of cancer cells. This represents a departure from the traditional measurement of secreted molecules, called biomarkers.

When food alters gene function

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:35 AM PST

The maternal diet influences fat and glucose metabolism of offspring through epigenetic alterations, new research shows. As the study shows, a high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation leads to epigenetic changes in the offspring.

Bright sparks shed new light on the dark matter riddle

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:35 AM PST

The origin of matter in the universe has puzzled physicists for generations. Today, we know that matter only accounts for 5 percent of our universe; another 25 percent is constituted of dark matter. And the remaining 70 percent is made up of dark energy. Dark matter itself represents an unsolved riddle.

Appalachia continues to have higher cancer rates than the rest of US, but gap is narrowing

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:35 AM PST

Men and women in Appalachia continue to have higher cancer incidence rates compared with those in the rest of the United States regardless of race or location. The disparity is attributed in part to high tobacco use, potential differences in socioeconomic status, and patient health care utilization.

'BPA-free' plastic accelerates embryonic development, disrupts reproductive system

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 07:35 AM PST

Companies advertise 'BPA-free' as a safer version of plastic products ranging from water bottles to sippy cups to toys. Yet a new study demonstrates that BPS, a common replacement for BPA, speeds up embryonic development and disrupts the reproductive system. The research is the first to examine the effects of BPA and BPS on key brain cells and genes that control organs involved in reproduction.

Mechanical 'trees' swaying in the wind: Turning good vibrations into energy

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 06:27 AM PST

A project is testing whether high-tech objects that look a bit like artificial trees can generate renewable power when they are shaken by the wind -- or by the sway of a tall building, traffic on a bridge or even seismic activity.

Emerald and gold: Two new precious-eyed endemic tree frog species from Taiwan

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 06:25 AM PST

Two endemic tree frog species, not recognized by science until now, have been identified in broadleaf forests in the island country of Taiwan. Unlike their siblings from mainland China and Southern Asia, they demonstrate reproductive behavior, characterized with egg-eating tadpole embryos feeding on eggs, while still inside the mother's womb. What told them apart initially, however, were their gemstone-colored eyes.

Global plant conservation's phase one: The world checklist of hornworts and liverworts

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 06:25 AM PST

Although Charles Darwin himself voiced his intention to compile a complete catalog of all known plant species more than a century ago, such is yet to be realized. However, an international research team now present the first ever worldwide checklist of hornworts and liverworts, prepared as a part of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation aiming to list the whole plant kingdom by 2020.

New type of nanowires, built with natural gas heating

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 05:57 AM PST

A new simple, cost-effective approach that may open up an effective way to make other metallic/semiconducting nanomaterials. According to the research team, this method is simple, reproducible, size-controllable, and cost-effective in that lithium-ion batteries could also benefit from it.

More efficient DNA technology for targeted disease detection, treatment

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 05:56 AM PST

A more efficient DNA technology to detect and treat infectious diseases and cancer has been developed by researchers.

Vaginal microbes can be partially restored to c-section babies

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 05:53 AM PST

A simple swab to transfer vaginal microbes from a mother to her C-section-delivered newborn can alter the baby's microbial makeup (microbiome) in a way that more closely resembles the microbiome of a vaginally delivered baby, a small pilot study has demonstrated.

Olfactory receptors in the blood respond to Sandalore

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 05:50 AM PST

Human blood cells have olfactory receptors that respond to Sandalore. This could provide a starting point for new leukemia therapies, as researchers report.

Small birds prefer flying in company

Posted: 01 Feb 2016 05:50 AM PST

Until now, scientists had observed that some large birds are sociable among each other. However, a new study has confirmed that this unique characteristic can also be seen among smaller birds such as the Eurasian siskin, a bird which is able to form bonds that last for a number of years as well as travel long distances in the company of these birds. This intimacy may favor reproduction in addition to facilitating the process of adjusting to a new place.